13. Pursuit of the Four Rules of sangaha
The Four Rules of sangaha were pronounced by the Lord, not only for the benefit of princes, but for all men in general; they are recorded in the Singāla Sutta of the Pāthikavagga of the Dīghanikāya as well as in the Anguttara Nikaya , as follows:--
မင္းသာမက လူခပ္သိမ္းတုိ႔က်င့္ေဆာင္အပ္ေသာ သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးကုိ ဒီဃ နိကာယ္၊ပါေထယ်၀ဂ္၊ သိဂၤါလ သုတ္ပါဠိ ေတာ္၌လည္းေကာင္း၊အဂၤုတၱဳိရ္ပါဠိေတာ္၌ လည္းေကာင္းေဟာေတာ္မူသည္။ ေဟာေတာ္မူပုံကား -
That is to say: - “In this world, out of the obligations of behaviour that lie upon men, that of charitable giving, that of speaking in friendly fashion, that of working toward a common economic interest, and that of giving others an equal regard with oneself, these are to be thought of as the four rules of civility which peoples of all sorts must follow according to their ability since they are like the linchpins of chariot wheels.
ဤေလာက၌လူ႔က်င့္၀တ္တရားတုိ႔တြင္(၁) ေပးကမ္းစြန႔္ႀကဲျခင္း၊ (၂)ခ်စ္ဖြယ္စကား ကုိဆုိျခင္း၊ (၃) အက်ိဳးစီးပြါးျဖစ္ေအာင္ ျပဳက်င့္ျခင္း၊ (၄) ကုိယ္ႏွင့္ ထပ္တူျပဳျခင္း ဟူ ေသာ ဤသဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးတုိ႔သည္ ထုိက္သည္အားေလွ်ာ္စြာ ထုိထုိ ပုဂၢဳိလ္ တုိ႔၌ သြားေနေသာရထား၏ နပန္းေစာင့္ကန္႔လန္႔ကဲ့သုိ႔ ျပဳသင့္သည္။
In any place whatever, if these four rules of sangaha do not exist, mothers will not receive the love and respect of their children; fathers will not receive the love and respect of their children.
ဤသဂၤဟတရားေလးပါး မရွိရာအရပ္ေဒသ၌ အမိအဖတုိ႔သည္ သားဆီမွ သား၏ ခ်စ္ျခင္း၊ပူေဇာ္ကန္႔ေတာ့ျခင္းကုိ မရနုိင္ရာ။
Since in places where the four rules of sangaha are absent parents doing not receive love and respect from their children, it is for wise men to practise and teach these four rules, so that they become known.
By practising the four rules, such men of wisdom attain to a great accomplishment and receive praise from all men.
သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးမရွိေသာ မိဘတုိ႔သည္ သားသမီးတုိ႔ကေသာ္လည္း ခ်စ္ခင္စုံမက္ ပူေဇာ္ကန္ေတာ့ျခင္းကုိမရ နုိင္ေသာေၾကာင့္ ပညာရွိတုိ႔သည္ ဤတရားေလးပါးကုိ တတ္ ေအာင္ၾကည့္ရႈသင္ၾကား က်င့္ေဆာင္ၾကသည့္အတြက္ ႀကီးမားျမင့္ျမတ္ေသာ အျဖစ္သုိ႔ ေရာက္ကာလူအေပါင္း၏ခ်ီးမြမ္းျခင္းကုိ ခံယူၾကကုန္၏။
On either end of the axle of a vehicle a wheel is set with its hub and in the part of the axle that projects beyond the hub a hole is bored and, to prevent the wheel from coming off, a linchpin is set in this hole.
In the Pāli, this linchpin is called ānī but it is known as the keeper. Without the keeper, the vehicle cannot move.
If it tries, the wheel will come loose and fall off. This keeper set to keep the wheel from falling off is the linchpin.
ရထား၀င္ရုိး ၀ဲယာ၌ ပုံးေတာင္းနွင့္တကြေသာဘီးကုိထပ္၍ပုံးေတာင္းျပင္သုိ႔ထြက္ေသာ ၀င္ရုိးစြန္း၀ယ္အေပါက္ေဖာက္၍ ရထားဘီးအျပင္သုိ႔မထြက္နုိင္ေအာင္ တုိးရႈိထားေသာ ကန္႔လန္႔သည္ ´အာဏိ´မည္၏။ နပန္းေစာင့္ေခၚသည္။
ဤနပန္းေစာင့္မရွိလွ်င္ ရထားသည္မသြားးနုိင္၊ရထားသြားခဲ့ေသာ္ ဘီးကၽြတ္ ထြက္မည္။ နပန္းေစာင့္သည္ ဘီး ကၽြတ္မထြက္ နုိ္င္ေအာင္ တပ္ထားေသာကန္႔လန္႔ျဖစ္သည္။
The four rules of sangaha are the keepers of the vehicle that is the world. If there is no keeper, the vehicle cannot travel -- it will be shattered. In the same way, without the four rules of sangaha the world falls apart.
သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးတုိ႔သည္လည္း ေလာကဟူေသာရထား၏ နပန္းေစာင့္သဖြယ္ ျဖစ္သည္။နပန္းေစာင့္မရွိလွ်င္ ရထား မသြားနုိင္ ပ်က္စီးသကဲ့သုိ႔ ဤသဂၤဟတရား ေလးပါးမရွိလွ်င္ ေလာကပ်က္စီးသည္။
Since the Lord has told us that the various peoples of the world must follow the four rules according to their ability, we must consider four types of people.
ထုိထုိသုိ႔ေသာသူတုိ႔၌ ဤတရားေလးပါးတုိ႔ကုိ ထုိက္သင့္သလုိက်င့္ရမည္ဟု ေဟာ ေတာ္မူေသာေၾကာင့္ ေလာက၌ လူ ေလးမ်ိဳးေလးစားရွိသည္ဟု မွတ္ရမည္။
1. Some people are engaged by the distribution of wealth and goods. They have no interest beyond this.
2. Some people are engaged by friendly speech. They have no interest beyond this.
3. Some people are engaged with guarding and watching over the well-being of others. They have no interest beyond this.
4. Some people are engaged with treating all as on a level with them. They have no interest beyond this.
(၁) အခ်ိဳ႕သူသည္ ဥစၥာပစၥည္းေပးကမ္းမွ ႀကိဳက္သည္၊အျခားအေၾကာင္းကုိ အလုိမရွိ။
(၂)အခ်ိဳ႕သူသည္ခ်ီးမြမ္းဖြယ္ဆိုမွႀကိဳက္သည္၊အျခားအေၾကာင္းကုိအလုိမရွိ။ (၃)အခ်ိဳ႕သူသည္အက်ိဳးစီးပြါးျဖစ္ေအာင္ေစာင္မၾကည့္ရႈမွၾကိဳက္သည္၊အျခားအေၾကာင္းကုိအလုိမရွိ။
(၄) အခ်ိဳ႕သူသည္ ကုိယ္ႏွင့္အတူျပဳမွ ၾကိဳက္သည္၊အျခားအေၾကာင္းကုိ အလုိမရွိ။
The Lord pronounced his four rules of sangaha to correspond with these four types of people in the world.
ဤကဲ့သုိ႔ေလာက၌ လူေလးမ်ိဳးရွိသည္ႏွင့္ေလွ်ာ္စြာ သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးကုိေဟာေတာ္ မူသည္။
For the most part, it is members of the class of servants and poor people who are motivated only by gain.
မ်ားေသာအားျဖင့္ ေက်းကၽြန္သင္းပင္းလူဆင္းရဲတုိ႔သည္ဥစၥာပစၥည္းေပးကမ္းျခင္းကုိသာ ႀကိဳက္သည္။
Rich merchants, who are satiated with wealth, will be motivated rather by hearing pleasant and persuasive speech.
ဥစၥာပစၥည္းႏွင့္ျပည့္စုံျပီးေသာ ကုန္သည္ႀကီး သူေဌးႀကီးတုိ႔သည္ ဥစၥာပစၥည္း ေပးကမ္း ျခင္းထက္ ခ်ိဳသာနာေပ်ာ္ခ်စ္ဖြယ္ ေသာစကားျဖင့္ ေျပာဆုိေမးျမန္းျခင္းကုိ ႀကိဳက္သည္။
Men who are rich enough to stay at Court have cash in hand and have plenty of nice things said to them-- their motivation lies in grants of forts and towns and territories, in titles and promotions to special offices.
By such considerations they are influenced and they will work to gain these benefits since it is self-regard that leads them.
ျပည့္စုံႁကြယ္၀ၿပီးေသာ မင္းခစားေယာက်ၤားတုိ႔သည္ လက္ကုိင္ေပးပစၥည္းဥစၥာ၊ခ်ိဳသာနာ ေပ်ာ္ ေျပာဆုိျခင္းထက္ ၿမိဳ႕ျပျပည္ရြာ၊ဘြဲ႕အမည္အရည္၊ရာထူးဌာနႏၱရ ခ်ီးေျမွာက္ျခင္း အစရွိေသာအက်ိဳးစီးပြါးျဖစ္ထြန္းေအာင္ က်င့္ျခင္း အတၳစရိယကုိ ႀကိဳက္သည္။
Certain important merchants and bankers also may in the course of their business be influenced by self-regard to take care of the interests of others.
အခ်ိဳ႕သူေဌးႀကီး၊ကုန္သည္ႀကီးတုိ႔သည္ ကူးသန္းေရာင္း၀ယ္ျခင္း၌ အက်ိဳးစီးပြါးျဖစ္ထြန္း ေအာင္ ေစာင္မၾကည့္ရႈျခင္းဟူေသာ အတၳစရိယကုိ ႀကိဳက္သည္။
If one notes the arrival of another who is on equal terms with himself, in position, in riches and property, in power and in reputation, he will place him on a level with himself, he will dine with him and walk with him -- he will be influenced to give all such marks of equality with himself to show his equanimity.
ကုိယ္ႏွင့္ရာထူးဌာနႏၱရ၊ဥစၥာအင္ခြင္၊အစြမ္းသတၱိဂုဏ္ရည္တူေသာ သူတုိ႔သည္မူကား လာေရာက္ေတြ႔ႀကဳံလွ်င္ ကုိယ့္ေနရာ ႏွင့္ ေနရာတူေပးျခင္း၊ အတူစားျခင္း၊အတူသြားျခင္း အစရွိေသာကုိယ္ႏွင့္အတူျပဳျခင္း သမာနတၱကုိႀကိဳက္သည္။
People in the world are thus influenced by different inclinations and the four different rules of sangaha are needed. If they are followed, that society will grow great and will gain a reputation in the world.
ဤသုိ႔ေလာက၌ လူတုိ႔ႀကိဳက္ႏွစ္သက္ရာအလုိက္ သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးတုိ႔ကုိ က်င့္ ေဆာင္လွ်င္ ႀကီးမားျမင့္ျမတ္ျခင္း သုိ႔ေရာက္၍ ေလာက၏ခ်ီးမြမ္းျခင္းကုိ ခံရကုန္၏။
In a family with children too, it is right that the parents should enforce the rules of sangaha according to the children’s age and inclinations. The children too should follow them in regard to their parents.
သားသမီးပင္ျဖစ္ေသာ္လည္း မိဘတုိ႔သည္ အလုိေလွ်ာက္ အရြယ္အလုိက္ ဤသဂၤဟ တရားေလးပါးတုိ႔ကုိ ျပဳက်င့္အပ္ ကုန္သည္။သားသမီးတုိ႔လည္း မိဘတုိ႔ အေပၚ၌ ျပဳက်င့္ အပ္ကုန္၏။
In other relationships too -- friends and relations, master and servant, teacher and pupil -- the four rules of sangaha are to be mutually observed.
အေဆြခင္ပြန္းခ်င္း၊အရွင္ႏွင့္ကၽြန္၊ဆရာႏွင့္တပည့္တုိ႔သည္ ထုိက္သင့္သလုိ ဤသဂၤဟ တရားေလးပါးျဖင့္ တစ္ဦးကုိတစ္ဦး ခ်ီးေျမွာက္သိမ္းပုိက္အပ္ကုန္၏။
As for the children, while they are small they have to be given their provisions and to be fed; as they grow older they have to be given clothes and beads and earrings and other such things for decoration.
သားသမီးတုိ႔၌လည္း ငယ္ရြယ္စဥ္ကာလ အစားအေသာက္တုိ႔ျဖင့္ ေပးကမ္း ေကၽြးေမြးရ သည္။အေတာ္ႀကီးလွ်င္ အ၀တ္ပုတီး၊ နားေဋာင္းအစရွိသည္တုိ႔ျဖင့္ ေပးကမ္းခ်ီး ေျမွာက္ ရသည္။
When they are of age, mates have to be found for them and when they set up their own separate households, it has to be contrived that these sons and daughters are comfortable and happy.
Sons and daughters, from infancy to full age, have to be given gifts and to be watched over. If they are not, their parents will get no love and respect from them.
အရြယ္ေရာက္ျပန္လွ်င္ သင့္တင့္ေသာမယား၊လင္တုိ႔ကုိ ရွာ၍ေပးစားရ သည္။ အိမ္ ေထာင္ခြဲျပန္လွ်င္လည္း ထုိသားသမီးတုိ႔ အစဥ္ခ်မ္းသာရစ္ေအာင္ စီးပြါးျဖစ္ရစ္ေအာင္ မစၾကည့္ရႈရသည္။
သားသမီးခ်င္းပင္ျဖစ္ေသာ္လည္း ႀကီးစဥ္ငယ္လုိက္ ေပးကမ္းၾကည့္ရႈ မစရသည္။ ဤကဲ့သုိ႔ မျပဳလွ်င္ မိဘကုိေသာ္လည္း သားသမီးတုိ႔သည္ မစုံမမက္နုိင္၊ မရုိ ေသနုိင္ ျဖစ္ေလသည္။
က်မ္းကုိး ---
ပါထိက၀ဂၢ၊ ၈.သိဂၤါလသုတ္ ႏွာ-၃-၁၃၆
အဂၤုတၱရနိကာယ၊စတုကၠနိပါတ္၊ ၄.စကၠ၀ဂၢ၊၂.သဂၤဟသုတ္ ႏွာ-၁-၃၄၁
ဒီ. နိ.၃-၂၇၃
The Four Rules of sangaha were pronounced by the Lord, not only for the benefit of princes, but for all men in general; they are recorded in the Singāla Sutta of the Pāthikavagga of the Dīghanikāya as well as in the Anguttara Nikaya , as follows:--
မင္းသာမက လူခပ္သိမ္းတုိ႔က်င့္ေဆာင္အပ္ေသာ သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးကုိ ဒီဃ နိကာယ္၊ပါေထယ်၀ဂ္၊ သိဂၤါလ သုတ္ပါဠိ ေတာ္၌လည္းေကာင္း၊အဂၤုတၱဳိရ္ပါဠိေတာ္၌ လည္းေကာင္းေဟာေတာ္မူသည္။ ေဟာေတာ္မူပုံကား -
That is to say: - “In this world, out of the obligations of behaviour that lie upon men, that of charitable giving, that of speaking in friendly fashion, that of working toward a common economic interest, and that of giving others an equal regard with oneself, these are to be thought of as the four rules of civility which peoples of all sorts must follow according to their ability since they are like the linchpins of chariot wheels.
ဤေလာက၌လူ႔က်င့္၀တ္တရားတုိ႔တြင္(၁) ေပးကမ္းစြန႔္ႀကဲျခင္း၊ (၂)ခ်စ္ဖြယ္စကား ကုိဆုိျခင္း၊ (၃) အက်ိဳးစီးပြါးျဖစ္ေအာင္ ျပဳက်င့္ျခင္း၊ (၄) ကုိယ္ႏွင့္ ထပ္တူျပဳျခင္း ဟူ ေသာ ဤသဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးတုိ႔သည္ ထုိက္သည္အားေလွ်ာ္စြာ ထုိထုိ ပုဂၢဳိလ္ တုိ႔၌ သြားေနေသာရထား၏ နပန္းေစာင့္ကန္႔လန္႔ကဲ့သုိ႔ ျပဳသင့္သည္။
In any place whatever, if these four rules of sangaha do not exist, mothers will not receive the love and respect of their children; fathers will not receive the love and respect of their children.
ဤသဂၤဟတရားေလးပါး မရွိရာအရပ္ေဒသ၌ အမိအဖတုိ႔သည္ သားဆီမွ သား၏ ခ်စ္ျခင္း၊ပူေဇာ္ကန္႔ေတာ့ျခင္းကုိ မရနုိင္ရာ။
Since in places where the four rules of sangaha are absent parents doing not receive love and respect from their children, it is for wise men to practise and teach these four rules, so that they become known.
By practising the four rules, such men of wisdom attain to a great accomplishment and receive praise from all men.
သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးမရွိေသာ မိဘတုိ႔သည္ သားသမီးတုိ႔ကေသာ္လည္း ခ်စ္ခင္စုံမက္ ပူေဇာ္ကန္ေတာ့ျခင္းကုိမရ နုိင္ေသာေၾကာင့္ ပညာရွိတုိ႔သည္ ဤတရားေလးပါးကုိ တတ္ ေအာင္ၾကည့္ရႈသင္ၾကား က်င့္ေဆာင္ၾကသည့္အတြက္ ႀကီးမားျမင့္ျမတ္ေသာ အျဖစ္သုိ႔ ေရာက္ကာလူအေပါင္း၏ခ်ီးမြမ္းျခင္းကုိ ခံယူၾကကုန္၏။
On either end of the axle of a vehicle a wheel is set with its hub and in the part of the axle that projects beyond the hub a hole is bored and, to prevent the wheel from coming off, a linchpin is set in this hole.
In the Pāli, this linchpin is called ānī but it is known as the keeper. Without the keeper, the vehicle cannot move.
If it tries, the wheel will come loose and fall off. This keeper set to keep the wheel from falling off is the linchpin.
ရထား၀င္ရုိး ၀ဲယာ၌ ပုံးေတာင္းနွင့္တကြေသာဘီးကုိထပ္၍ပုံးေတာင္းျပင္သုိ႔ထြက္ေသာ ၀င္ရုိးစြန္း၀ယ္အေပါက္ေဖာက္၍ ရထားဘီးအျပင္သုိ႔မထြက္နုိင္ေအာင္ တုိးရႈိထားေသာ ကန္႔လန္႔သည္ ´အာဏိ´မည္၏။ နပန္းေစာင့္ေခၚသည္။
ဤနပန္းေစာင့္မရွိလွ်င္ ရထားသည္မသြားးနုိင္၊ရထားသြားခဲ့ေသာ္ ဘီးကၽြတ္ ထြက္မည္။ နပန္းေစာင့္သည္ ဘီး ကၽြတ္မထြက္ နုိ္င္ေအာင္ တပ္ထားေသာကန္႔လန္႔ျဖစ္သည္။
The four rules of sangaha are the keepers of the vehicle that is the world. If there is no keeper, the vehicle cannot travel -- it will be shattered. In the same way, without the four rules of sangaha the world falls apart.
သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးတုိ႔သည္လည္း ေလာကဟူေသာရထား၏ နပန္းေစာင့္သဖြယ္ ျဖစ္သည္။နပန္းေစာင့္မရွိလွ်င္ ရထား မသြားနုိင္ ပ်က္စီးသကဲ့သုိ႔ ဤသဂၤဟတရား ေလးပါးမရွိလွ်င္ ေလာကပ်က္စီးသည္။
Since the Lord has told us that the various peoples of the world must follow the four rules according to their ability, we must consider four types of people.
ထုိထုိသုိ႔ေသာသူတုိ႔၌ ဤတရားေလးပါးတုိ႔ကုိ ထုိက္သင့္သလုိက်င့္ရမည္ဟု ေဟာ ေတာ္မူေသာေၾကာင့္ ေလာက၌ လူ ေလးမ်ိဳးေလးစားရွိသည္ဟု မွတ္ရမည္။
1. Some people are engaged by the distribution of wealth and goods. They have no interest beyond this.
2. Some people are engaged by friendly speech. They have no interest beyond this.
3. Some people are engaged with guarding and watching over the well-being of others. They have no interest beyond this.
4. Some people are engaged with treating all as on a level with them. They have no interest beyond this.
(၁) အခ်ိဳ႕သူသည္ ဥစၥာပစၥည္းေပးကမ္းမွ ႀကိဳက္သည္၊အျခားအေၾကာင္းကုိ အလုိမရွိ။
(၂)အခ်ိဳ႕သူသည္ခ်ီးမြမ္းဖြယ္ဆိုမွႀကိဳက္သည္၊အျခားအေၾကာင္းကုိအလုိမရွိ။ (၃)အခ်ိဳ႕သူသည္အက်ိဳးစီးပြါးျဖစ္ေအာင္ေစာင္မၾကည့္ရႈမွၾကိဳက္သည္၊အျခားအေၾကာင္းကုိအလုိမရွိ။
(၄) အခ်ိဳ႕သူသည္ ကုိယ္ႏွင့္အတူျပဳမွ ၾကိဳက္သည္၊အျခားအေၾကာင္းကုိ အလုိမရွိ။
The Lord pronounced his four rules of sangaha to correspond with these four types of people in the world.
ဤကဲ့သုိ႔ေလာက၌ လူေလးမ်ိဳးရွိသည္ႏွင့္ေလွ်ာ္စြာ သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးကုိေဟာေတာ္ မူသည္။
For the most part, it is members of the class of servants and poor people who are motivated only by gain.
မ်ားေသာအားျဖင့္ ေက်းကၽြန္သင္းပင္းလူဆင္းရဲတုိ႔သည္ဥစၥာပစၥည္းေပးကမ္းျခင္းကုိသာ ႀကိဳက္သည္။
Rich merchants, who are satiated with wealth, will be motivated rather by hearing pleasant and persuasive speech.
ဥစၥာပစၥည္းႏွင့္ျပည့္စုံျပီးေသာ ကုန္သည္ႀကီး သူေဌးႀကီးတုိ႔သည္ ဥစၥာပစၥည္း ေပးကမ္း ျခင္းထက္ ခ်ိဳသာနာေပ်ာ္ခ်စ္ဖြယ္ ေသာစကားျဖင့္ ေျပာဆုိေမးျမန္းျခင္းကုိ ႀကိဳက္သည္။
Men who are rich enough to stay at Court have cash in hand and have plenty of nice things said to them-- their motivation lies in grants of forts and towns and territories, in titles and promotions to special offices.
By such considerations they are influenced and they will work to gain these benefits since it is self-regard that leads them.
ျပည့္စုံႁကြယ္၀ၿပီးေသာ မင္းခစားေယာက်ၤားတုိ႔သည္ လက္ကုိင္ေပးပစၥည္းဥစၥာ၊ခ်ိဳသာနာ ေပ်ာ္ ေျပာဆုိျခင္းထက္ ၿမိဳ႕ျပျပည္ရြာ၊ဘြဲ႕အမည္အရည္၊ရာထူးဌာနႏၱရ ခ်ီးေျမွာက္ျခင္း အစရွိေသာအက်ိဳးစီးပြါးျဖစ္ထြန္းေအာင္ က်င့္ျခင္း အတၳစရိယကုိ ႀကိဳက္သည္။
Certain important merchants and bankers also may in the course of their business be influenced by self-regard to take care of the interests of others.
အခ်ိဳ႕သူေဌးႀကီး၊ကုန္သည္ႀကီးတုိ႔သည္ ကူးသန္းေရာင္း၀ယ္ျခင္း၌ အက်ိဳးစီးပြါးျဖစ္ထြန္း ေအာင္ ေစာင္မၾကည့္ရႈျခင္းဟူေသာ အတၳစရိယကုိ ႀကိဳက္သည္။
If one notes the arrival of another who is on equal terms with himself, in position, in riches and property, in power and in reputation, he will place him on a level with himself, he will dine with him and walk with him -- he will be influenced to give all such marks of equality with himself to show his equanimity.
ကုိယ္ႏွင့္ရာထူးဌာနႏၱရ၊ဥစၥာအင္ခြင္၊အစြမ္းသတၱိဂုဏ္ရည္တူေသာ သူတုိ႔သည္မူကား လာေရာက္ေတြ႔ႀကဳံလွ်င္ ကုိယ့္ေနရာ ႏွင့္ ေနရာတူေပးျခင္း၊ အတူစားျခင္း၊အတူသြားျခင္း အစရွိေသာကုိယ္ႏွင့္အတူျပဳျခင္း သမာနတၱကုိႀကိဳက္သည္။
People in the world are thus influenced by different inclinations and the four different rules of sangaha are needed. If they are followed, that society will grow great and will gain a reputation in the world.
ဤသုိ႔ေလာက၌ လူတုိ႔ႀကိဳက္ႏွစ္သက္ရာအလုိက္ သဂၤဟတရားေလးပါးတုိ႔ကုိ က်င့္ ေဆာင္လွ်င္ ႀကီးမားျမင့္ျမတ္ျခင္း သုိ႔ေရာက္၍ ေလာက၏ခ်ီးမြမ္းျခင္းကုိ ခံရကုန္၏။
In a family with children too, it is right that the parents should enforce the rules of sangaha according to the children’s age and inclinations. The children too should follow them in regard to their parents.
သားသမီးပင္ျဖစ္ေသာ္လည္း မိဘတုိ႔သည္ အလုိေလွ်ာက္ အရြယ္အလုိက္ ဤသဂၤဟ တရားေလးပါးတုိ႔ကုိ ျပဳက်င့္အပ္ ကုန္သည္။သားသမီးတုိ႔လည္း မိဘတုိ႔ အေပၚ၌ ျပဳက်င့္ အပ္ကုန္၏။
In other relationships too -- friends and relations, master and servant, teacher and pupil -- the four rules of sangaha are to be mutually observed.
အေဆြခင္ပြန္းခ်င္း၊အရွင္ႏွင့္ကၽြန္၊ဆရာႏွင့္တပည့္တုိ႔သည္ ထုိက္သင့္သလုိ ဤသဂၤဟ တရားေလးပါးျဖင့္ တစ္ဦးကုိတစ္ဦး ခ်ီးေျမွာက္သိမ္းပုိက္အပ္ကုန္၏။
As for the children, while they are small they have to be given their provisions and to be fed; as they grow older they have to be given clothes and beads and earrings and other such things for decoration.
သားသမီးတုိ႔၌လည္း ငယ္ရြယ္စဥ္ကာလ အစားအေသာက္တုိ႔ျဖင့္ ေပးကမ္း ေကၽြးေမြးရ သည္။အေတာ္ႀကီးလွ်င္ အ၀တ္ပုတီး၊ နားေဋာင္းအစရွိသည္တုိ႔ျဖင့္ ေပးကမ္းခ်ီး ေျမွာက္ ရသည္။
When they are of age, mates have to be found for them and when they set up their own separate households, it has to be contrived that these sons and daughters are comfortable and happy.
Sons and daughters, from infancy to full age, have to be given gifts and to be watched over. If they are not, their parents will get no love and respect from them.
အရြယ္ေရာက္ျပန္လွ်င္ သင့္တင့္ေသာမယား၊လင္တုိ႔ကုိ ရွာ၍ေပးစားရ သည္။ အိမ္ ေထာင္ခြဲျပန္လွ်င္လည္း ထုိသားသမီးတုိ႔ အစဥ္ခ်မ္းသာရစ္ေအာင္ စီးပြါးျဖစ္ရစ္ေအာင္ မစၾကည့္ရႈရသည္။
သားသမီးခ်င္းပင္ျဖစ္ေသာ္လည္း ႀကီးစဥ္ငယ္လုိက္ ေပးကမ္းၾကည့္ရႈ မစရသည္။ ဤကဲ့သုိ႔ မျပဳလွ်င္ မိဘကုိေသာ္လည္း သားသမီးတုိ႔သည္ မစုံမမက္နုိင္၊ မရုိ ေသနုိင္ ျဖစ္ေလသည္။
က်မ္းကုိး ---
ပါထိက၀ဂၢ၊ ၈.သိဂၤါလသုတ္ ႏွာ-၃-၁၃၆
အဂၤုတၱရနိကာယ၊စတုကၠနိပါတ္၊ ၄.စကၠ၀ဂၢ၊၂.သဂၤဟသုတ္ ႏွာ-၁-၃၄၁
ဒီ. နိ.၃-၂၇၃
